L'Agenda des Médiévistes

The essays collected in this volume are dedicated to the pragmatic dimension of the writing of history in 12th-century Italy. All the contributions can be read by following a few guiding questions: why and by whom were chronicles written? In what spheres and with what objectives did they circulate? How were they used in the political arena? Through an innovative comparative perspective, which holds southern and central-northern Italy together, the main objective of the volume is to problematise, by means of concrete case studies, social and political significance of history writing in 12th-century Italy.

Alberto Cotza
University of Pisa, Italy – ORCID: 0000-0001-7834-8013

Markus Krumm
University of Munich Ludwig Maximilian, Germany – ORCID: 0009-0005-1553-7008

Table des matières : ici

Informations pratiques :

Storiografie italiane del XII secolo. Contesti di scrittura, elaborazione e uso in una prospettiva comparata« , éd. Alberto Cotza, Markus Krumm, Florence, Firenze University Press, 2024 ; 1 vol., 354 p. (Reti Medievali E-Book). DOI : 10.36253/979-12-215-0403-3

Source : Firenze University Press

In Bounded Wilderness, Kathryn Jasper focuses on the innovations undertaken at the hermitage of Fonte Avellana in central Italy during the eleventh century by its prior, Peter Damian (d. 1072). The congregation of Fonte Avellana experimented with reforming practices that led to new ways of managing property and relations among clergy, nobles, and the laity.

Jasper charts how Damian’s notion of monastic reform took advantage of the surrounding topography and geography to amplify the sensory aspects of ascetic experiences. By focusing on monastic landscapes and land ownership, Jasper demonstrates that reform extended beyond abstract ideas. Rather, reform circulated locally through monastic networks and addressed practical concerns such as property boundaries and rights over water, orchards, pastures, and mills. Putting new sources, both documentary and archaeological, into conversation with monastic charters and Damian’s letters, Bounded Wilderness reveals the interrelationship of economic practices, religious traditions, and the natural environment in the idea and implementation of reform.

Kathryn Jasper is Associate Professor of History and Director of European Studies at Illinois State University.

Informations pratiques :

Kathryn Jasper, Bounded Wilderness. Land and Reform at the Hermitage of Fonte Avellana, ca. 1035-1072, Ithaca (NY), Cornell University Press, 2024 ; 1 vol., 288 p. ISBN : 978-1-501-77760-8. Prix : € 54,95.

Source : Cornell University Press

Medieval Westerners accepted killing for religion and praised the outcome of the First Crusade (1096-1099). At the same time, their attitude to violence was ambivalent. Theologians shunned the practical use of force, while the warrior aristocracy valued the capacity for physical destruction. In the absence of theological doctrine on the practicalities of holy warfare, the first crusaders draw their ideas about killing from diverse and sometimes conflicting traditions. This book answers questions about how religious violence was described, justified and remembered in the sources of the First Crusade. What was the relation between faith, convention, and action?

Sini Kangas, Ph.D (1973), Tampere University, is a Researcher of the Crusades and Christian ideological warfare. She has published many articles on the history of the Crusades and edited monographs, including Authorities in the Middle Ages: Influence, Legitimacy, and Power in Medieval Society (with Mia Korpiola and Tuija Ainonen, Walter deGruyter, 2013).

Table des matières : ici

Informations pratiques :

Sini Kangas, Cover War and Violence in the Western Sources for the First Crusade War and Violence in the Western Sources for the First Crusade, Boston-Leyde, Brill, 2024 ; 1 vol., 480 p. (History of Warfare, 143). ISBN : 978-90-04-69033-2. Prix :€ 145,00.

Source : Brill

Through an extensive series of extracts and accompanying interpretative and contextual essays, this volume showcases the expertise in classical learning that flourished in medieval Gaelic Ireland. Providing translations of all excerpts, it situates better known ‘antiquity sagas’ in the Middle Irish language, such as Togail Troí (The Siege of Troy, based on Dares Phrygius), Imtheachta Aeniasa (The Wanderings of Aeneas, based on Virgil’s Aeneid), In Cath Catharda (The Civil War, based on Lucan) and Togail na Tebe (The Siege of Thebes, based on Statius), within the broader constellation of medieval Irish literature that references and engages with classical antiquity.

Included are synchronistic poetry and world chronologies; lesser-known Irish poetry and prose recounting episodes from Graeco-Roman mythography and featuring, for instance, Jason and the Argonauts, Ulysses and Penelope, Agamemnon and Clytemnestra, Daedalus and the Minotaur; linguistic and metaphysical tracts; place-name lore; and medieval historiographies of Alexander the Great, Hercules, and warriors of Irish legend recast as classical heroes. Creating access to this body of texts and revealing the marked influences of classical concepts on the imaginative resources of medieval Ireland fills a conspicuous lacuna in our knowledge of classical reception in European literatures.

Table des matières :

List of Illustrations
List of Contributors
Acknowledgements
A Guide to Editorial Practices for Middle Irish Texts, Michael Clarke (University of Galway, Ireland)

I. INTRODUCTION

1. The Culture of the Book and Classical Learning in the Gaelic Middle Ages, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh (University of Cambridge, UK) and Michael Clarke (University of Galway, Ireland)
2. The Irish Antiquity Sagas in Context, Ralph O’Connor (University of Aberdeen, UK)

II. CHRONOLOGY AND CORRELATION

3. The First Fragment of the Annals of Tigernach, Patrick Wadden (Belmont Abbey College, USA)
4. Gilla Cóemáin’s Annálad anall uile ‘All the annals heretofore…’, Peadar Mac Gabhann (Ulster University, UK)
5. Flann Mainistrech’s Flaithius Rómán ríge glonn ‘The sovereignty of the Romans was a kingship of feats of prowess’, Peadar Mac Gabhann (Ulster University, UK)

III. THE TROJAN WAR

6. Luid Iasón ina luing lóir ‘Jason went in his ample ship’, Michael Clarke (University of Galway, Ireland)
7. Togail Troí ‘The Siege of Troy’, Recension 1, Brent Miles (University of Toronto, Canada)
8. Togail Troí ‘The Siege of Troy’, Recension 2 from the Book of Leinster, Michael Clarke (University of Galway, Ireland)
9. Togail Troí ‘The Siege of Troy’, Recension 3, Michael Clarke (University of Galway, Ireland)
10. Don Tres Troí ‘On the Third Troy’, Brent Miles (University of Toronto, Canada)

IV. ADAPTATION OF LATIN EPIC

11. Togail na Tebe ‘The Siege of Thebes’, Mariamne Briggs (Independent Scholar, UK)
12. Riss in Mundtuirc ‘The Tale of the Necklace’, Brent Miles (University of Toronto, Canada)
13. Imtheachta Aeniasa ‘The Wanderings of Aeneas’, Erich Poppe (University of Marburg, Germany)
14. In Cath Catharda ‘The Civil War’: The Prologue, Brigid Ehrmantraut (University of Cambridge, UK)
15. In Cath Catharda ‘The Civil War’: Literary Techniques, Maio Nagashima (University of Cambridge, UK)
16. In Cath Catharda ‘The Civil War’: The Influence of Scholia, Cillian O’Hogan (University of Toronto, Canada)

V. MYTHOGRAPHY AND PSEUDOHISTORY

17. ‘How Samson Slew the Gesteda’, Brigid Ehrmantraut (University of Cambridge, UK)
18. Merugud Uilixis meic Leirtis ‘The Wandering of Ulysses son of Laertes’, Barbara Hillers (Indiana University, USA)
19. Fingal Chlainne Tanntail ‘The Kin-Slaying of the Family of Tantalus’, Robert Crampton (Independent Scholar, UK)
20. Sgél in Mínaduir ‘The Story of the Minotaur’, Barbara Hillers (Indiana University, USA)
21. Scéla Alaxandair ‘The Saga of Alexander’, Cameron Wachowich (University of Toronto, Canada)
22. Stair Ercuil ocus a Bás ‘The History of Hercules and his Death’, Gregory R. Darwin (Uppsala University, Sweden)

VI. WORLD KNOWLEDGE AND INDIGENOUS TRADITION

23. Auraicept na nÉces ‘The Scholars’ Primer’, Nicolai Egjar Engesland (University of Oslo, Norway)
24. Clann Ollaman uaisle Emna ‘The nobles of Emain Macha are Ollam’s descendants’, Michael Clarke (University of Galway, Ireland)
25. Cogadh Gáedhel re Gallaibh ‘The War of the Irish against the Foreigners’, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh (University of Cambridge, UK)
26. Lebor Gabála Érenn ‘The Book of Invasions of Ireland’, John Carey (University College Cork, Ireland)
27. Dindshenchas Érend ‘Knowledge of Ireland’s Notable Places’: The River Boyne, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh (University of Cambridge, UK)
28. Dindshenchas Érend ‘Knowledge of Ireland’s Notable Places’: The Origins of Tara, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf (University of Cambridge, UK)
29. Suidiugud Tellaig Temra ‘The Establishment of Tara’s Dominion’, Daniel Watson (Dublin Institute of Advanced Studies)
30. Scéla na Esérgi ‘Treatise on the Resurrection’, Elizabeth Boyle (National University of Ireland Maynooth, Ireland)

VII. EPILOGUE

31. Classical Reception and Medieval Irish Texts, Isabelle Torrance (Aarhus University, Denmark)
32. Table of the Principal Manuscript Sources Used, Michael Clarke (University of Galway, Ireland)

Notes
Bibliography
Index

Informations pratiques :

Classical Antiquity and Medieval Ireland. An Anthology of Medieval Irish Texts and Interpretations, éd. Michael Clarke, Erich Poppe, Isabelle Torrance, Londres, Bloomsbury Academic, 2024 ; 1 vol., 480 p. (Bloomsbury Studies in Classical Reception). ISBN : 978-1-35033-327-7. Prix : GBP 90,00.

Source : Bloomsbury

Die »Kunst des Verkaufens« war bereits auf mittelalterlichen Märkten wichtig, da Anbieter und Anbieterinnen von Waren und Dienstleistungen miteinander konkurrierten und ihre Produkte anpriesen. Daher enthalten archäologische, schriftliche und bildliche Quellen zahlreiche Hinweise auf die Rhetorik und Praktiken des Verkaufens und Werbens: Zur Schau gestellte Waren, Handwerks- und Wirtshauszeichen, Marktschreier und Weinrufer sowie Markennamen, Warenmuster und Buchkataloge dienten sowohl der Information der Konsumentinnen und Konsumenten als auch der Absatzsteigerung. In Traktaten und Predigten wurde über diese Techniken bereits im Mittelalter kritisch oder satirisch reflektiert. Die Autorinnen und Autoren der in diesem Band versammelten Beiträge präsentieren unterschiedliche Facetten dieser mittelalterlichen Ars Vendendi und stellen sie in einen größeren Kontext.

The ›art of selling‹ was already important at medieval markets, as vendors and suppliers of goods and services competed with each other. Therefore, archaeological, written and pictorial sources contain numerous references to the rhetoric and practices of selling even before 1500: goods displayed on market tables, trades and inn signs, market and wine criers as well as brand names, samples of goods, book catalogues and much more served both to inform consumers and to increase sales. As early as the Middle Ages, tracts and sermons reflected on these techniques theoretically, critically or satirically. The contributions in this volume present a wide range of facets of this medieval Ars Vendendi and place them in a wider context.

Prof. Dr. Thomas Ertl ist Professor für die Geschichte des hohen und späten Mittelalters an der Freien Universität Berlin. Seine Forschungsschwerpunkte umfassen die Sozial- und Wirtschaftsgeschichte sowie die Globalgeschichte des Mittelalters.

Table des matières : ici

Informations pratiques :

Ars Vendendi. Werbung und kommerzielle Praktiken im Mittelalter, éd. Thomas Ertl, Sigmaringen, Jan Thorbecke Verlag, 2024 ; 1 vol., 508 p. (Vorträge und Forschungen, 97). ISBN : 978-3-7995-6899-9. Prix : € 65,00.

Source : Patmos

Le commentaire sur Zacharie est le seul, parmi ceux des Douze prophètes, pour lequel la principale source d’inspiration de Jérôme est conservée. Pour les autres, ce sont les commentaires d’Origène, aujourd’hui perdus. Comme ils ne couvraient pas l’ensemble des Douze, Jérôme, de passage à Alexandrie en 386, demanda à Didyme de commenter pour lui Osée et Zacharie.

Un exemplaire du commentaire de Zacharie figurait parmi les papyrus découverts à Toura en 1941. Son éditeur a présenté le commentaire de Jérôme comme une « copie conforme » de celui de Didyme. En réalité, la confrontation fait plutôt ressortir la profonde originalité de Jérôme et sa position unique dans l’histoire de l’exégèse patristique. Contrairement à son devancier, il se soucie d’abord d’établir exactement la lettre du texte et d’en préciser le sens, en le situant dans son contexte et en recourant, si nécessaire, aux exégètes hébreux. Alors que l’Alexandrin se complaît dans des allégories dont le rapport au texte est souvent lointain et cultive une exégèse en quelque sorte hors sol, Jérôme prend soin de poser solidement le fondement de l’histoire avant d’exposer le sens spirituel qui s’en dégage. Il n’hésite pas à critiquer Didyme et se montre réservé à l’égard de l’allégorie, qu’il juge superflue là où le sens de la prophétie est manifeste. Il constate que ceux qui donnent à croire ainsi qu’ils en savent plus que les autres en affaiblissent souvent la portée en compliquant inutilement les choses.

Quant à la tradition manuscrite, complexe et mouvante, elle est ici plus souvent en faute que dans les six commentaires précédemment édités. Cela tient sans doute pour une part à l’état précaire des exemplaires de l’antiquité tardive que les copistes carolingiens ont reproduit, et pour une part au fait que Jérôme a dû travailler vite pour remettre son ouvrage au messager chargé de le faire parvenir à son dédicataire.

Monseigneur Roger Gryson, professeur émérite à l’Université catholique de Louvain, ancien directeur du Vetus Latina Institut de Beuron, est connu notamment par ses travaux sur l’histoire des institutions ecclésiastiques dans l’antiquité, l’arianisme latin et la critique textuelle de la Bible latine. Il a édité entre autres les anciennes versions latines du livre d’Isaïe et de l’Apocalypse johannique, ainsi que le commentaire de Jérôme sur Isaïe et la plupart des commentaires latins de l’Apocalypse antérieurs à l’époque carolingienne.

Table des matières :

Avant-propos
Sigles et abréviations
Note préliminaire: Jérôme témoin du texte biblique

EXPLANATIONES IN ZACHARIAM
Introduction
Stemma codicum
Conspectus siglorum
Incipit in Zachariam

Table des citations scripturaires

Informations pratiques :

Jérôme, Commentarius in Zachariam, éd. Roger Gryson, turnhout, Brpeols, 2024 ; 1 vol., 316 p. (Corpus Christianorum Series Latina, 76A bis 4). ISBN : 978-2-503-61464-9. Prix : € 230,00.

Source : Brepols