L'Agenda des Médiévistes

In den Erlassen der karolingischen Herrscher (»Kapitularien«) bewegt sich die Sprache in einer Indifferenzzone zwischen Recht, Moral, Religion und Administration. Dadurch schufen die Karolinger ein flexibles Instrument zur Kommunikation mit ihren Amtsträgern, das sich gerade aufgrund seiner Regellosigkeit besonders für ein pragmatisches Regierungshandeln eignete. Der Sammelband nimmt erstmals den Wortgebrauch, die semantischen Felder und die Beziehungen zu anderen Textsorten des 9. Jahrhunderts in den Blick und wirft dadurch neues Licht auf die Bedingungen des Erfolges der karolingischen Herrschaft.

Dr. Bernhard Jussen ist Professor für Mittelalterliche Geschichte an der Universität Frankfurt am Main.

Dr. Karl Ubl ist Professor für Mittelalterliche Geschichte (Schwerpunkt frühes und hohes Mittelalter) an der Universität zu Köln.

Informations pratiques :

Die Sprache des Rechts Historische Semantik und karolingische Kapitularien, dir. Bernhard Jussen et Karl Ubl, Göttingen, Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht, 2022 ; 1 vol., 377 p. (Historische Semantik, 33). ISBN : 978-3-525-31141-7. Prix : € 85,00.

Source : Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht

Gelo, pioggia e vento: nel Medioevo sembra esserci solo un’unica stagione, l’inverno. Ma i disagi del clima sono compensati dal tepore del camino, sempre presente nella stanza da letto. Dove non ci si coricava soltanto; anche di giorno la camera era vivacemente utilizzata: per pranzare, studiare, ricevere visite. Sontuoso e imbottito, abbellito da nappe e cuscini, oppure umile pagliericcio, comprato al mercato o fatto su misura, il letto tutto racconta: la morte e la nascita, amori legittimi e amori proibiti, giochi festosi, atti di violenza e tripudio dei sensi, malattie, segreti e trame di ogni genere. Un luogo per due? Non necessariamente. A volte molto affollato e ad accoglienza variabile, come avviene nelle gustose novelle di Boccaccio, sul letto tenta di appuntarsi, senza molto successo, il controllo della chiesa che lo addita come luogo di ogni seduzione diabolica.

Chiara Frugoni (1940-2022) ha insegnato Storia medievale nelle Università di Pisa, Roma e Parigi. Tra i suoi numerosi libri segnaliamo, per il Mulino, «Vivere nel Medioevo. Donne, uomini e soprattutto bambini» (2017), «Uomini e animali nel Medioevo. Storie fantastiche e feroci» (2018), «Paradiso vista Inferno. Buon governo e tirannide nel Medioevo di Ambrogio Lorenzetti» (2019), «Paure medievali. Epidemie, prodigi, fine del tempo» (2020), «Donne medievali. Sole, indomite, avventurose» (2021). I suoi saggi sono tradotti nelle principali lingue europee, oltre che in giapponese e in coreano.

Informations pratiques :

Chiara Frugoni, A letto nel Medioevo. Come e con chi, Bologne, Il Mulino, 2022 ; 1 vol., 168 p. (Grandi illustrati). ISBN : 978-88-15-29985-7. Prix : € 22,00.

Source : Il Mulino

Que sait-on de l’empire du Mâli ? Partant d’une analyse de la notice Wikipédia consacrée à cette formation politique majeure du Moyen Âge, François-Xavier Fauvelle s’interroge sur les raisons de l’obscurité qui continue de l’entourer. Puis, patiemment, il reconstitue des savoirs modestes et solides, avant d’assembler avec virtuosité les multiples pièces, issues des textes arabes, de la tradition orale et des fouilles archéologiques, du vaste « puzzle » documentaire qu’est l’histoire du Mâli.

Qu’ont Soundjata et Charlemagne en commun ? Quel rôle le fameux pèlerinage de Mûsâ à La Mecque joue-t-il dans la légitimation du pouvoir ? Attentif aux échos de la geste des mansa, les empereurs mâliens, jusque dans Le Roi Lion de Walt Disney, cette enquête éclaire l’histoire dynastique du Mâli impérial des XIII^e et XIV^e siècles, avant de nous faire observer de très près les rituels d’une cour où, les jours de fêtes, les masques dansent devant la mosquée. La compréhension des logiques économiques, religieuses et politiques du Mâli médiéval permet, en point d’orgue, de proposer une nouvelle hypothèse de localisation de la capitale de l’empire, dont la recherche a agité historiens et archéologues depuis le milieu du XIX^e siècle.

Par-delà cette ville depuis longtemps disparue, c’est bien l’intelligence de l’Afrique médiévale que met en jeu cette histoire renouvelée.

Professeur au Collège de France, titulaire de la chaire « Histoire et archéologie des mondes africains », François -Xavier Fauvelle a notamment publié Le Rhinocéros d’or. Histoires du Moyen Âge africain (2013).

Informations pratiques :

François-Xavier Fauvelle, Les masques et la mosquée. L’empire du Mâli (XIIIe-XIVe siècle), Paris, CNRS Éditions, 2022 ; 1 vol., 296 p. (Zéna). ISBN : 978-2-27114-370-9. Prix : € 25,00.

Source : CNRS Éditions

This book centers on a fascinating woman, Clare of Rimini (c. 1260 to c. 1324–29), whose story is preserved in a fascinating text. Composed by an anonymous Franciscan, the Life of the Blessed Clare of Rimini is the earliest known saint’s life originally written in Italian, and one of the few such lives to be written while its subject was still living. It tells the story of a controversial woman, set against the background of her roiling city, her star-crossed family, and the tumultuous political and religious landscape of her age.

Twice married, twice widowed, and twice exiled, Clare established herself as a penitent living in a roofless cell in the ruins of the Roman walls of Rimini. She sought a life of solitary self-denial, but was denounced as a demonic danger by local churchmen. Yet she also gained important and influential supporters, allowing her to establish a fledgling community of like-minded sisters. She traveled to Assisi, Urbino, and Venice, spoke out as a teacher and preacher, but also suffered a revolt by her spiritual daughters.

A Female Apostle in Medieval Italy presents the text of the Life in English translation for the first time, bringing modern readers into Clare’s world in all its excitement and complexity. Each chapter opens a different window into medieval society, exploring topics from political power to marriage and sexuality, gender roles to religious change, pilgrimage to urban structures, sanctity to heresy. Through the expert guidance of scholars and translators Jacques Dalarun, Sean L. Field, and Valerio Cappozzo, Clare’s life and context become a springboard for readers to discover what life was like in a medieval Italian city.

Jacques Dalarun is a member of the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres and the former director of the Institut de Recherche et d’Histoire des Textes (CNRS).

Sean L. Field is Professor of History at the University of Vermont.

Valerio Cappozzo is Associate Professor of Modern Languages at the University of Mississippi.

Informations pratiques :

A Female Apostle in Medieval Italy. The Life of Clare of Rimini, éd. Jacques Dalarun, Sean L. Field, Valerio Cappozzo, Philadelphie, University of Pennsylvania Press, 2022 ; 1 vol., 196 p. (The Middle Ages Series). ISBN : 978-1-51282-303-5. Prix : USD 99,95.

Source : University of Pennsylvania Press

This Variorum collection of articles is intended to illustrate that conflict in the late Middle Ages was not only about soldiers and fighting (about the makers and the making of war), important as these were. Just as it remains in our own day, war was a subject which attracted writers (commentators, moralists and social critics among them), some of whom glorified war, while others did not. For the historian the written word is important evidence of how war, and those taking part in it, might be regarded by the wider society. One question was supremely important: what was the standing among their contemporaries of those who fought society’s wars? How was war seen on the moral scale of the time? The last two sections deal with a particular war, the ‘occupation’ of northern France by the English between 1420 and 1450. The men who conquered the duchy, and then served to keep it under English control for those years, had to be rewarded with lands, titles, administrative and military responsibilities, even (for the clergy) ecclesiastical benefices. For these, war spelt ‘opportunity’, whose advantages they would be reluctant to surrender. The final irony lies in the fact that Frenchmen, returning to claim their ancestral rights once the English had been driven out, frequently found it difficult to unravel both the legal and the practical consequences of a war which had caused a considerable upheaval in Norman society over a period of a single generation.

Christopher Allmand is Emeritus Professor of Medieval History, University of Liverpool, UK. His previous publications include Henry V (1968), Lancastrian Normandy 1415-1450, The History of a Medieval Occupation (1983), The Hundred Years War: England and France at War, c.1300-c.1450 (2001), War, Government and Power in Late Medieval France (2000), and The De Re Militari of Vegetius: The Reception, Transmission and Legacy of a Roman Text in the Middle Ages (2011).

Table des matières :

Part I

Chapter 1: A Roman text on War. The Strategemata of Frontinus in the Middle Ages.

Originally published as ‘A Roman Text on War. The Strategemata of Frontinus in the Middle Ages’, Soldiers, Nobles and Gentlemen, Essays in Honour of Maurice Keen, ed. P. Coss and C. Tyerman (Boydell Press, 2009), 153-68.

Chapter 2: The De Re Militari of Vegetius: How did the Middle Ages treat a Late Roman Text on War?

Originally published as ‘The De Re Militari of Vegetius. How did the Middle Ages treat a late Roman text on war?’ Revista de Historia des Ideias, vol. 30 (University of Coimbra Press, 2009), 101-17.

Chapter 3: The Fifteenth – Century English Prose Version of Vegetius’ De Re Militari.

Originally published as ‘Fifteenth-Century Versions of Vegetius’ De Re Militari, Armies, Chivalry and Warfare in Medieval France and Britain, Harlaxton Mediaeval Studies, Volume VII, ed. M. Strickland (Shaun Tyas publishing, 1998), 30-45.

Chapter 4: Did the De Re Militari of Vegetius influence the Military Ordinances of Charles the Bold?

Originally published in Publication du Centre Européen d’Etudes Bourguignonnes (XIVe-XVIe s.), xli (2001), 135-43.

Part II

Chapter 5: Changing Perceptions of the Soldier in Late Medieval France.

Taken from ‘Guerre et Société en France, en Angleterre et en Bourgogne XIVe-XVe siecle’, éd. P.Contamine, C. Giry-Deloison and M. Keen, published by Le Centre d’Histoire de la Région du Nord et de l’Europe du Nord-Ouest (1991), 171-88.

Chapter 6: Some Intellectual Influences on the Origins of the Royal Army in Medieval France.

Originally published as ‘Des origines intellectuelles de l’armée française au Moyen Âge’, in Un Moyen Âge pour aujourd’hui. Mélanges offerts à Claude Gauvard, ed. J. Claustre, O.Mattéoni et N. Offenstadt (Paris, PUF, 2010), 47-56.

Chapter 7: ‘Personal Honour or Common Good? The Witness of Le Jouvencel in the Fifteenth Century.’

Originally published as ‘Entre honneur et bien commun: le témoignage du Jouvencel au XVe siecle’, Revue Historique, 301/3 (Paris, PUF,1992), 463-81.

Chapter 8: The Problem of Desertion in France, England and Burgundy in the Late Middle Ages.

Originally published as ‘Le problème de la désertion en France, en Angleterre et en Bourgogne à la fin du Moyen Âge’, Guerre, pouvoir et noblesse au Moyen Age. Mélanges en l’honneur de Philippe Contamin. Ed. J. Paviot and J. Verger (Paris, Presses de l’ Université de Paris-Sorbonne, 2000), 31-41.

Part III

Chapter 9: Normandy in English Opinion at the End of the Hundred Years War.

Originally published as ‘La Normandie devant l’opinion anglaise à la fin de la guerre de Cent Ans’, Bibliothèque de l’École des Chartes, vol. 128 (1970), 345-68.

Chapter 10: Diplomacy: The Anglo- French Negotiations, 1439.

Originally published as ‘The Anglo-French Negotiations, 1439’, Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research, 40 (1967), 1-33.

Chapter 11: Local Reaction to the French Reconquest of Normandy (1449-50): The Example of Rouen.

Originally published as ‘Local Reaction to the French Reconquest of Normandy: The Case of Rouen’, The Crown and Local Communities in England and France in the Fifteenth Century, ed. J. R. L. Highfield & R. Jeffs, (Alan Sutton Publishing, 1981), 146-61.

Chapter 12: National Reconcilliation in France at the End of the Hundred Years War.

Originally published as ‘National Reconciliation in France at the End of the Hundred Years War’, vol.vi, Journal of Medieval Military History, ed. C.J.Rogers, (Boydell Press, 2008), 149-64.

Part IV

Chapter 13: Spies and Spying in the Fourteenth Century.

Originally published as ‘Spies and Spying in the Fourteenth Century’, War, Literature and Politics in the Late Middle Ages, written by J.R. Alban and C.T. Allmand

(Liverpool: University Press, 1976), 73 – 101.

Chapter 14: War and the Non-Combatant during the Hundred Years War.

Originally published as ‘War and the Non-combatant’, The Hundred Years War, ed. K.A. Fowler, (London, Macmillan: St Martin’s Press, 1971}.

Informations pratiques :

Christopher Allmand, Aspects of War in the Late Middle Ages, Londres, Routledge, 2022 ; 1 vol., 246 p. (Variorum Collected Studies). ISBN : 978-0-36733-067-5. Prix : GBP 120,00.

Source : Routledge

Nombreuses sont les institutions qui ont exercé un pouvoir politique sur le territoire de l’actuelle Wallonie. Dans cet ouvrage, les institutions sont entendues au sens large comme des institutions matérielles, symboliques ou encore fonctionnelles qui ont évolué au fil du temps. C’est le cas notamment du palais de justice de Liège, des assemblées représentatives, de certaines fortifications, des communautés villageoises, du symbole du coq wallon, de la frontière linguistique, de la création de la Région wallonne, de l’organisation de la justice, des procédures juridictionnelles et de la police, de la paix de Fexhe, de l’organisation de l’enseignement supérieur ou encore de la mise en place de musées. Ces multiples institutions ont laissé des traces dans le paysage wallon. L’institutionnalisation de l’exercice du pouvoir politique en Wallonie est spécifiquement analysée dans cet ouvrage afin d’en cerner les portées diachroniques.

Geoffrey GRANDJEAN est Professeur de science politique à la Faculté de Droit, de Science politique et de Criminologie de l’Université de Liège. Martin LEMPEREUR est Attaché à l’Agence wallonne du Patrimoine et Collaborateur scientifique à la Faculté de Droit, de Science politique et de Criminologie de l’Université de Liège. Julien MAQUET est Conservateur du Trésor de la cathédrale de Liège et Maître de conférences à l’Université de Liège.

Informations pratiques :

Histoire des institutions diachroniques, dir. Geoffrey Grandjean, Martin Lempereur, Julien Maquet, Liège, Presses universitaires de Liège, 2022 ; 1 vol., 456 p. ISBN : 978-2-87562-314-0. Prix : € 35,00.

Source : Presses universitaires de Liège

Modelling Christianisation breaks new ground by studying the underutilised archaeological material for the Christianisation of the medieval Kingdom of Hungary. Around the first Millennium, in present-day Central Europe, the political and religious landscape changed dramatically. With the Christianisation of the pagan societies on its borders, the Ottonian/Holy Roman Empire significantly expanded according to the principles of the Imperium Christianum. This process – Christianisation – frequently tied to ‘the making of Europe’, has long generated broad interest in scholarship. Although recent attempts have shown archaeology’s potential to shed light on the subject, interpretations of Christianisation and state formation are still primarily dominated by historical narratives.

Instead of concentrating on the upper echelons of society, the volume draws on the archaeological record relating to the Christianisation of the commoners – rural churches and field cemeteries – and more precisely (digital) archaeological archival data. This was subjected to geospatial analysis to uncover potential networks and clusters and to provide a different narrative about the course of Christianisation. Written evidence deals typically only with the topmost layer of institutions, such as the foundation of bishoprics, archbishoprics and some monasteries. Local churches, the smallest but most numerous elements of the church system, seldom appear in written sources; thus, theories about the development of the Church as an institution have often lacked direct evidence about the local church network. The approach taken here integrates this abundant data which provides information about the largest part of the population, otherwise absent in the written sources. It allows the reconstruction of a cultural landscape and lets us see the process of (institutionalised) Christianisation as a process of adaptation. Thus, it also offers a new interpretation for modelling Christianisation in newly emergent kingdoms.

Table des matières :

Contents

I. INTRODUCTION ;
Problems to be Considered in the Discourse ;
Contextualisation of the Historical Events in the Christianisation of Hungary ;
Contextualisation of the Notion of Christianisation, and Issues with Baptism ;

II. RESEARCH TRENDS IN THE HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL STUDIES ON THE CHRISTIANISATION OF HUNGARY ;
Archaeology in the Interpretation of the Christianisation of Medieval Hungary ;
Results and Problems in the Archaeological Research of Christianisation ;
Elements of Secular and Ecclesiastical Power – The Castle System and Church Organisation ;

III. SOURCES, METHODS AND APPROACHES ;
Spatial Approaches to Christianisation and State Formation ;
Written Evidence Connected to Christianisation ;
Types of Archaeological Data Considered and their Issues ;

IV. SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL MATERIAL – MODELLING CHRISTIANISATION ;
Primary Questions and Methods ;
The Eleventh Century ;
Central Power and Christianisation in the Eleventh Century ;
Ecclesiastical Centres as Places of Central Power in the Eleventh Century ;
Rural Sites and Christianisation in the Eleventh Century ;
The Twelfth Century ;

V. HISTORICAL THEORIES AND THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL MATERIAL OF CHRISTIANISATION COMPARED TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE PAROCHIAL NETWORK ;
Precedents and Influences on the Ecclesiastical System ;
The Role of Royal Churches ;

VI. CONCLUSIONS ;

APPENDIX ;
Field Cemeteries (Fig. 33.) ;
Churches of the 11th Century (Fig. 34.) ;
Transitional Cemeteries of the 11th Century (Fig. 35) ;
Monasteries of the 11th Century (Fig. 36.) ;
Bishoprics of the 11th Century (Fig. 37.) ;
Castles of the 11th Century (Fig. 38.) ;
Churches of the 12th Century (Fig. 39.) ;
Transitional Cemeteries of the 12th Century (Fig. 40.) ;
Monasteries of the 12th Century457 (Fig. 41.) ;
Bishoprics in the 12th Century458 (Fig. 42.) ;
Castles in the 12th Century459 (Fig. 43.) ;

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Informations pratiques :

Mária Vargha, Modelling Christianisation: A Geospatial Analysis of the Archaeological Data on the Rural Church Network of Hungary in the 11th-12th Centuries, Oxford, Archaeopress Publishing, 2022 ; 1 vol., 160 p. (Archaeolingua Central European Archaeological Heritage Series, 11). ISBN : 978-1-80327-279-5. Prix : GBP 35,00.

. Prix : GBP Source : Archaeopress