L'Agenda des Médiévistes

This Variorum collection of articles is intended to illustrate that conflict in the late Middle Ages was not only about soldiers and fighting (about the makers and the making of war), important as these were. Just as it remains in our own day, war was a subject which attracted writers (commentators, moralists and social critics among them), some of whom glorified war, while others did not. For the historian the written word is important evidence of how war, and those taking part in it, might be regarded by the wider society. One question was supremely important: what was the standing among their contemporaries of those who fought society’s wars? How was war seen on the moral scale of the time? The last two sections deal with a particular war, the ‘occupation’ of northern France by the English between 1420 and 1450. The men who conquered the duchy, and then served to keep it under English control for those years, had to be rewarded with lands, titles, administrative and military responsibilities, even (for the clergy) ecclesiastical benefices. For these, war spelt ‘opportunity’, whose advantages they would be reluctant to surrender. The final irony lies in the fact that Frenchmen, returning to claim their ancestral rights once the English had been driven out, frequently found it difficult to unravel both the legal and the practical consequences of a war which had caused a considerable upheaval in Norman society over a period of a single generation.

Christopher Allmand is Emeritus Professor of Medieval History, University of Liverpool, UK. His previous publications include Henry V (1968), Lancastrian Normandy 1415-1450, The History of a Medieval Occupation (1983), The Hundred Years War: England and France at War, c.1300-c.1450 (2001), War, Government and Power in Late Medieval France (2000), and The De Re Militari of Vegetius: The Reception, Transmission and Legacy of a Roman Text in the Middle Ages (2011).

Table des matières :

Part I

Chapter 1: A Roman text on War. The Strategemata of Frontinus in the Middle Ages.

Originally published as ‘A Roman Text on War. The Strategemata of Frontinus in the Middle Ages’, Soldiers, Nobles and Gentlemen, Essays in Honour of Maurice Keen, ed. P. Coss and C. Tyerman (Boydell Press, 2009), 153-68.

Chapter 2: The De Re Militari of Vegetius: How did the Middle Ages treat a Late Roman Text on War?

Originally published as ‘The De Re Militari of Vegetius. How did the Middle Ages treat a late Roman text on war?’ Revista de Historia des Ideias, vol. 30 (University of Coimbra Press, 2009), 101-17.

Chapter 3: The Fifteenth – Century English Prose Version of Vegetius’ De Re Militari.

Originally published as ‘Fifteenth-Century Versions of Vegetius’ De Re Militari, Armies, Chivalry and Warfare in Medieval France and Britain, Harlaxton Mediaeval Studies, Volume VII, ed. M. Strickland (Shaun Tyas publishing, 1998), 30-45.

Chapter 4: Did the De Re Militari of Vegetius influence the Military Ordinances of Charles the Bold?

Originally published in Publication du Centre Européen d’Etudes Bourguignonnes (XIVe-XVIe s.), xli (2001), 135-43.

Part II

Chapter 5: Changing Perceptions of the Soldier in Late Medieval France.

Taken from ‘Guerre et Société en France, en Angleterre et en Bourgogne XIVe-XVe siecle’, éd. P.Contamine, C. Giry-Deloison and M. Keen, published by Le Centre d’Histoire de la Région du Nord et de l’Europe du Nord-Ouest (1991), 171-88.

Chapter 6: Some Intellectual Influences on the Origins of the Royal Army in Medieval France.

Originally published as ‘Des origines intellectuelles de l’armée française au Moyen Âge’, in Un Moyen Âge pour aujourd’hui. Mélanges offerts à Claude Gauvard, ed. J. Claustre, O.Mattéoni et N. Offenstadt (Paris, PUF, 2010), 47-56.

Chapter 7: ‘Personal Honour or Common Good? The Witness of Le Jouvencel in the Fifteenth Century.’

Originally published as ‘Entre honneur et bien commun: le témoignage du Jouvencel au XVe siecle’, Revue Historique, 301/3 (Paris, PUF,1992), 463-81.

Chapter 8: The Problem of Desertion in France, England and Burgundy in the Late Middle Ages.

Originally published as ‘Le problème de la désertion en France, en Angleterre et en Bourgogne à la fin du Moyen Âge’, Guerre, pouvoir et noblesse au Moyen Age. Mélanges en l’honneur de Philippe Contamin. Ed. J. Paviot and J. Verger (Paris, Presses de l’ Université de Paris-Sorbonne, 2000), 31-41.

Part III

Chapter 9: Normandy in English Opinion at the End of the Hundred Years War.

Originally published as ‘La Normandie devant l’opinion anglaise à la fin de la guerre de Cent Ans’, Bibliothèque de l’École des Chartes, vol. 128 (1970), 345-68.

Chapter 10: Diplomacy: The Anglo- French Negotiations, 1439.

Originally published as ‘The Anglo-French Negotiations, 1439’, Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research, 40 (1967), 1-33.

Chapter 11: Local Reaction to the French Reconquest of Normandy (1449-50): The Example of Rouen.

Originally published as ‘Local Reaction to the French Reconquest of Normandy: The Case of Rouen’, The Crown and Local Communities in England and France in the Fifteenth Century, ed. J. R. L. Highfield & R. Jeffs, (Alan Sutton Publishing, 1981), 146-61.

Chapter 12: National Reconcilliation in France at the End of the Hundred Years War.

Originally published as ‘National Reconciliation in France at the End of the Hundred Years War’, vol.vi, Journal of Medieval Military History, ed. C.J.Rogers, (Boydell Press, 2008), 149-64.

Part IV

Chapter 13: Spies and Spying in the Fourteenth Century.

Originally published as ‘Spies and Spying in the Fourteenth Century’, War, Literature and Politics in the Late Middle Ages, written by J.R. Alban and C.T. Allmand

(Liverpool: University Press, 1976), 73 – 101.

Chapter 14: War and the Non-Combatant during the Hundred Years War.

Originally published as ‘War and the Non-combatant’, The Hundred Years War, ed. K.A. Fowler, (London, Macmillan: St Martin’s Press, 1971}.

Informations pratiques :

Christopher Allmand, Aspects of War in the Late Middle Ages, Londres, Routledge, 2022 ; 1 vol., 246 p. (Variorum Collected Studies). ISBN : 978-0-36733-067-5. Prix : GBP 120,00.

Source : Routledge

Nombreuses sont les institutions qui ont exercé un pouvoir politique sur le territoire de l’actuelle Wallonie. Dans cet ouvrage, les institutions sont entendues au sens large comme des institutions matérielles, symboliques ou encore fonctionnelles qui ont évolué au fil du temps. C’est le cas notamment du palais de justice de Liège, des assemblées représentatives, de certaines fortifications, des communautés villageoises, du symbole du coq wallon, de la frontière linguistique, de la création de la Région wallonne, de l’organisation de la justice, des procédures juridictionnelles et de la police, de la paix de Fexhe, de l’organisation de l’enseignement supérieur ou encore de la mise en place de musées. Ces multiples institutions ont laissé des traces dans le paysage wallon. L’institutionnalisation de l’exercice du pouvoir politique en Wallonie est spécifiquement analysée dans cet ouvrage afin d’en cerner les portées diachroniques.

Geoffrey GRANDJEAN est Professeur de science politique à la Faculté de Droit, de Science politique et de Criminologie de l’Université de Liège. Martin LEMPEREUR est Attaché à l’Agence wallonne du Patrimoine et Collaborateur scientifique à la Faculté de Droit, de Science politique et de Criminologie de l’Université de Liège. Julien MAQUET est Conservateur du Trésor de la cathédrale de Liège et Maître de conférences à l’Université de Liège.

Informations pratiques :

Histoire des institutions diachroniques, dir. Geoffrey Grandjean, Martin Lempereur, Julien Maquet, Liège, Presses universitaires de Liège, 2022 ; 1 vol., 456 p. ISBN : 978-2-87562-314-0. Prix : € 35,00.

Source : Presses universitaires de Liège

Modelling Christianisation breaks new ground by studying the underutilised archaeological material for the Christianisation of the medieval Kingdom of Hungary. Around the first Millennium, in present-day Central Europe, the political and religious landscape changed dramatically. With the Christianisation of the pagan societies on its borders, the Ottonian/Holy Roman Empire significantly expanded according to the principles of the Imperium Christianum. This process – Christianisation – frequently tied to ‘the making of Europe’, has long generated broad interest in scholarship. Although recent attempts have shown archaeology’s potential to shed light on the subject, interpretations of Christianisation and state formation are still primarily dominated by historical narratives.

Instead of concentrating on the upper echelons of society, the volume draws on the archaeological record relating to the Christianisation of the commoners – rural churches and field cemeteries – and more precisely (digital) archaeological archival data. This was subjected to geospatial analysis to uncover potential networks and clusters and to provide a different narrative about the course of Christianisation. Written evidence deals typically only with the topmost layer of institutions, such as the foundation of bishoprics, archbishoprics and some monasteries. Local churches, the smallest but most numerous elements of the church system, seldom appear in written sources; thus, theories about the development of the Church as an institution have often lacked direct evidence about the local church network. The approach taken here integrates this abundant data which provides information about the largest part of the population, otherwise absent in the written sources. It allows the reconstruction of a cultural landscape and lets us see the process of (institutionalised) Christianisation as a process of adaptation. Thus, it also offers a new interpretation for modelling Christianisation in newly emergent kingdoms.

Table des matières :

Contents

I. INTRODUCTION ;
Problems to be Considered in the Discourse ;
Contextualisation of the Historical Events in the Christianisation of Hungary ;
Contextualisation of the Notion of Christianisation, and Issues with Baptism ;

II. RESEARCH TRENDS IN THE HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL STUDIES ON THE CHRISTIANISATION OF HUNGARY ;
Archaeology in the Interpretation of the Christianisation of Medieval Hungary ;
Results and Problems in the Archaeological Research of Christianisation ;
Elements of Secular and Ecclesiastical Power – The Castle System and Church Organisation ;

III. SOURCES, METHODS AND APPROACHES ;
Spatial Approaches to Christianisation and State Formation ;
Written Evidence Connected to Christianisation ;
Types of Archaeological Data Considered and their Issues ;

IV. SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL MATERIAL – MODELLING CHRISTIANISATION ;
Primary Questions and Methods ;
The Eleventh Century ;
Central Power and Christianisation in the Eleventh Century ;
Ecclesiastical Centres as Places of Central Power in the Eleventh Century ;
Rural Sites and Christianisation in the Eleventh Century ;
The Twelfth Century ;

V. HISTORICAL THEORIES AND THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL MATERIAL OF CHRISTIANISATION COMPARED TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE PAROCHIAL NETWORK ;
Precedents and Influences on the Ecclesiastical System ;
The Role of Royal Churches ;

VI. CONCLUSIONS ;

APPENDIX ;
Field Cemeteries (Fig. 33.) ;
Churches of the 11th Century (Fig. 34.) ;
Transitional Cemeteries of the 11th Century (Fig. 35) ;
Monasteries of the 11th Century (Fig. 36.) ;
Bishoprics of the 11th Century (Fig. 37.) ;
Castles of the 11th Century (Fig. 38.) ;
Churches of the 12th Century (Fig. 39.) ;
Transitional Cemeteries of the 12th Century (Fig. 40.) ;
Monasteries of the 12th Century457 (Fig. 41.) ;
Bishoprics in the 12th Century458 (Fig. 42.) ;
Castles in the 12th Century459 (Fig. 43.) ;

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Informations pratiques :

Mária Vargha, Modelling Christianisation: A Geospatial Analysis of the Archaeological Data on the Rural Church Network of Hungary in the 11th-12th Centuries, Oxford, Archaeopress Publishing, 2022 ; 1 vol., 160 p. (Archaeolingua Central European Archaeological Heritage Series, 11). ISBN : 978-1-80327-279-5. Prix : GBP 35,00.

. Prix : GBP Source : Archaeopress

Fondée sur l’usage des tours cylindriques à archères, la forteresse idéale du XIIIe siècle ressemble à un « château-fort » de dessin d’enfant : un château carré, crénelé et cantonné de tours rondes. Mais derrière cette apparence si familière se cache un phénomène architectural majeur : apparue à la charnière de l’an 1200, et pratiquée aussi bien par le roi que par les grands princes ou les seigneurs plus modestes, l’architecture fortifiée « capétienne » remporte un immense succès dans l’ensemble du royaume tout au long du XIIIe siècle, au point d’avoir façonné le territoire et notre propre vision du Moyen Âge.

Pour comprendre cette oraison architecturale et dépasser les longs débats de l’historiographie, Denis Hayot a pris le parti d’une recherche globale, embrassant dans une même étude les forteresses royales, princières et seigneuriales à l’échelle du royaume. Cette réflexion le conduit à interroger l’idée reçue d’un hypothétique « modèle royal », à laquelle il faut préférer le constat de l’émergence d’un modèle commun, dans un royaume alors en phase d’uni cation culturelle.

Informations pratiques :

Denis Hayot, L’architecture fortifiée capétienne au XIIIe siècle. Un paradigme à l’échelle du royaume, t. 3, Monographies : Picardie, Artois, Flandre, Dijon, CeCaB, 2022 Prix : € 28,00.

Bon de commande : ici

Jean Bellegambe (c. 1470- 1535/36), whose career as far as we know spanned the first three decades of the sixteenth century, was a successful painter. His patrons included some of the most high-ranking clerics in the Habsburg-Burgundian Netherlands as well as members of the ruling class of Douai, the town where he lived and worked all his life.

This is the first study to appear since Dehaisnes’ 1890 monograph that is exclusively devoted to the artist. By reassessing primary evidence – archival documents and material evidence from the works of art themselves – it aims to highlight Bellegambe’s artistic achievements. Close scrutiny of his paintings and investigation of the artist’s working methods will show that Bellegambe visualised the concerns of his patrons by closely linking the physical characteristics of his works to their original imagery, function and use.

This volume presents a series of five case studies of his works that were made for a monastic community, two individual clerics, a town hall and a bourgeois layman, thus providing rich evidence of patronage and audiences. The objective here is to examine how Bellegambe met the challenges posed by these commissions, and to gain further insight into the practice of a skilled artist who – rooted in a long line of craftsmanship and artistic tradition and in close collaboration with his colleagues and patrons – produced a body of highly original works.

Anna Koopstra (1980) studied art history at the University of Groningen (MA, 2004) and obtained her doctorate from the Courtauld Institute of Art (PhD, 2016). She has held curatorial positions and research fellowships at the Suermondt-Ludwig Museum (2005-08), The Metropolitan Museum of Art (Slifka interdisciplinary Fellow, 2008-10), The National Gallery (2015-17), and the Courtauld (Associate Caroline Villers Research Fellow, 2016/17). Her research focuses on the technical investigation of paintings, and in particular on the making and meaning of early Netherlandish paintings.

Informations pratiques :

Anna Koopstra, Jean Bellegambe (c. 1470-1535/36). Making, Meaning and Patronage of his Works, Turnhout, Brepols, 2022 ; 1 vol., 160 p. (Me Fecit, 11). ISBN : 978-2-503-57437-0. Prix : € 100,00.

Source : Brepols