L'Agenda des Médiévistes

Le présent volume propose d’étudier un trait paradoxal de la vie monastique, celui de la mobilité des moines pourtant astreints par diverses règles et contraintes, depuis les origines, à la clôture et à la stabilitas loci. Durant un long Moyen Âge, allant du IVe au XVe siècle, les mouvements de circulation, d’échanges et d’influences monastiques forment en effet une réalité bien concrète, qui répond à des besoins essentiels de la vie des moines, économiques, administratifs, intellectuels ou religieux. Le phénomène étant pluriel, il convenait ici de le contextualiser et de l’historiciser, pour mieux saisir, dans chaque cas examiné, la tension pouvant naître de la notion même de voyage pour celui qui, par sa vocation, renonce a priori à tout dépaysement hors celui que lui offre son cloître. L’examen de différentes circulations pose alors en creux la question de la mobilité – condamnée, tolérée ou encouragée – comme facteur non pas secondaire mais essentiel dans la définition et la construction du fait monastique en Orient comme en Occident.

Ce volume contient 23 contributions présentées lors de deux rencontres scientifiques tenues à l’École française de Rome en 2014 et à l’université de Vienne en 2016, dans le cadre d’un programme intitulé Les moines autour de la Méditerranée. Contacts, échanges, influences entre Orient et Occident, de l’Antiquité tardive au Moyen Âge (IVe-XVe siècle).

Table des matières : ici

Olivier Delouis, ancien membre de l’École française d’Athènes, est chargé de recherche au CNRS (UMR 8167 Orient et Méditerranée, Paris). Spécialiste du monachisme byzantin, il dirige la Revue des études byzantines.

Maria Mossakowska-Gaubert, ancien membre à titre étranger de l’Institut français d’archéologie orientale au Caire, est chercheur à l’université de Copenhague (Saxo Institute, Actions Marie Skłodowska-Curie). Elle mène des recherches sur le monachisme en Égypte byzantine.

Annick Peters-Custot, professeure d’histoire du Moyen Âge à l’université de Nantes, est spécialiste de l’Italie méridionale byzantine, normande et souabe et du monachisme byzantin en Italie.

Informations pratiques :

Les mobilités monastiques en Orient et en Occident de l’Antiquité Tardive au Moyen Âge, IVe-XVe siècle, dir. Olivier Delouis, Maria Mossakowska- Gaubert et Annick Peters-Custot, Rome, École française de Rome, 2019 (Collection de l’École française de Rome, 558 ). 582 p. ISBN: 978-2-7283-1388-4. Prix : 49 euros.

Source : École française de Rome

This volume brings together a series of case studies of spatial configurations of power among the early medieval societies of Europe. The geographical range extends from Ireland to Kosovo and from Scandinavia to the Mediterranean world and brings together quite different scholarly traditions in a focussed enquiry into the character of places of power from the end of the Roman period into the central middle ages. The book’s strength lies in the basis that it provides for a comparative analysis of the formation, function and range of power relations in early medieval societies. The editors’ introductory chapter provides an extended scene setting review of the current state of knowledge in the field of early medieval social complexity and sets out an agenda for future work in this topical area. The regional and local case studies found in the volume, most of them interdisciplinary, showcase detailed studies of particular situations at a range of scales. While much previous work tends to focus on comparisons with the classical world, this volume emphasises the uniqueness of early medieval modes of social organisation and the need to assess these societies on their own terms.

Table des matières :

List of Illustrations
List of Tables
Notes on Contributors
Preface and Acknowledgements

1: Power and Place in Europe in the Early Middle Ages, Jayne Carroll, Andrew Reynolds and Barbara Yorke
2: Meeting in the Shadow of Heroes? Personal Names and Assembly Places, John Baker
3: ‘Folk’ Cemeteries, Assembly and Territorial Geography in Early Anglo-Saxon England, Stuart Brookes
4: Locating Meaning in Later Anglo-Saxon England: Meeting-Places of the witan, 924-1016, Levi Roach
5: Cooking-Pit Sites as Possible Assembly Places: Lunde in Vestfold, South-East Norway-A Regional Assembly Site in the Early Iron Age?, Marie Ødegaard
6: Viking Age and Medieval Assemblies in Western Norway: Approaches to Identification of Sites, Halldis Hobaek
7: Accommodating Assemblies, as Evidenced at the 6th-11th-Century ad Royal Residence at Lake Tissø, Denmark, Lars Jørgensen, Lone Gebauer Thomsen and Anne Nørgaard Jørgensen
8: Houses of Representatives? Courtyard Sites North of the Polar Circle: Reflections on Communal Organisation from the Late Roman Period to the Viking Age, Frode Iversen
9: Churches as Assembly Places in Early Medieval Italy, Alexandra Chavarría Arnau
10: Community Meetings in Early Medieval Castile, Julio Escalona
11: The Language of Justice in Northern Iberia before ad 1000, Wendy Davies
12: Luxeuil in the Merovingian Kingdom, Ian Wood
13: Structures of Power: From Imperial Villa to Monastic Estate at Villamagna, Italy, Elizabeth Fentress and Caroline Goodson
14: Ulpianum-Nyeuberge-Prişthine: Places of Power on the Plain of Kosovo, Felix Teichner
15: Power, Place and Territory in Early Medieval South-East Wales, Andrew Seaman
16: Making Provincial Kingship in Early Ireland: Cashel and the Creation of Munster, Patrick Gleeson
17: Living Near the Sea: The Organisation of Frisia in Early Medieval Times, Egge Knol
18: Archaeology and Geographies of Jurisdiction: Evidence from South-East Suffolk in the 7th Century, Christopher Scull
19: Mints, Moneyers and the Geography of Power in Early Medieval England and its Neighbours, Rory Naismith
20: Spatial Configurations of Power in Anglo-Saxon England: Sidelights on the Relationships between Boroughs, Royal Vills and Hundreds, Andrew Reynolds
21: Property and Governance: Making the Anglo-Saxon Agricultural Landscape, Susan Oosthuizen
Index

Informations pratiques :

Power and Place in Europe in the Early Middle Ages, dir. Jayne Carroll, Andrew Reynolds et Barbara Yorke, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2019 (Proceedings of the British Academy). 496 Pages | 115 figures. 234 x 156mm. ISBN: 9780197266588. Prix : 105 £.

Source : Oxford University Press

Accès : ici

L’édition numérique des actes des évêques d’Évreux du XIe siècle à 1223 a été réalisée par Grégory Combalbert dans e-Cartae, outil d’édition critique en XML-TEI, de publication et de consultation en ligne des corpus de chartes médiévales. Ces actes constituent le corpus expérimental qui a permis la mise au point d’e-Cartae. Le corpus numérique proposé ici se distingue d’une base de données textuelles et constitue une véritable édition, aux deux sens que le terme peut avoir en français pour les spécialistes des sources anciennes : il a fait l’objet non seulement d’un traitement critique complet par l’éditeur scientifique, pour garantir la fiabilité et la normalisation des textes, mais aussi d’un protocole éditorial classique aux Presses Universitaires de Caen. Les Actes des évêques d’Évreux constituent le premier volume de la collection « e-Cartae ». Celle-ci est destinée à rassembler d’autres volumes d’actes épiscopaux (ensemble « Actépi ») ainsi que d’autres corpus d’actes diplomatiques.

Cette édition a été préparée avec le soutien du pôle Document numérique de la MRSH, de la TGIR Huma-Num (Consortium Sources Médiévales – COSME) et de la Région Normandie (dans le cadre du CPER et du projet VEXICAEN). Elle est liée au projet ACTÉPI, soutenu par l’Agence Nationale de la Recherche.

Remerciements : Richard Allen, Pierre Bauduin, Clémentine Berthelot, Michaël Bloche, Marie Bisson, Pierre-Yves Buard, Joffrey Charles, Jérôme Chauveau, Annie Dufour-Malbezin, Judith Everard, Jean-Luc Fray, Jean-Pascal Foucher, Tamiko Fujimoto, Véronique Gazeau, Anne Goloubkoff, Annick Gosse-Kischinewski, Claire de Haas, Toby Huitson, Barbara Jacob, Laurence Jean-Marie, Guillaume Lelièvre, Marie-Agnès Lucas-Avenel, Émeline Mancel, Christophe Maneuvrier, Laurent Morelle, Orderic-Vital Pain, Coline Pignat, Daniel Power, Thomas Roche, Chantal Senséby, David Spear, Benoît-Michel Tock, Nicholas Vincent.

Mme Chantal Senséby, maître de conférences à l’université d’Orléans, et Mme Véronique Gazeau, professeur émérite de l’université de Caen, ont été chargées de l’évaluation scientifique de cette publication, conformément aux statuts des Presses universitaires de Caen.

Source : e-cartae

The role of individual sculptors in creating the ambulatory capitals in the largest basilica in Christendom at Cluny remains a mystery. The unresolved issue of individual creativity leaves open three important questions about this powerful abbey which controlled hundreds of monasteries throughout Europe in the eleventh century: What was the specific artistic context – the origin, training and career path of the major sculptors who worked at the mother church at the start of construction? What was the relationship, in time and influence, between the focal ambulatory capitals and similar sculptures at numerous local sites? And what role did artists play in determining the form and meaning of Cluny sculptures and related monuments?

This book traces the career of a sculptor who worked on the earliest capitals in the abbey church at Cluny. It documents his artistic preferences at previous Burgundian projects, gathering a variety of evidence intended to be on the one hand precise, complex and subtle, and on the other convincingly repetitious. He treated gesture, pose, anatomy, drapery, foliage, architecture, background and space not only consistently but also in a complementary fashion. Plainly put, he blurred the traditional distinction between sculpture and architecture, displaying a rich and unique combination of artistic preferences even as he worked with different kinds of patrons on various subjects at numerous and diverse monuments. These findings are supported with high-resolution photographs taken at telling angles from high ladders and scaffolding.

This version of the creative process at the mother church, in which the Cluniac brothers picked a local talent to carry out one of the most important sculptural commissions in Europe, differs markedly from the standard one based largely on presumed but undocumented artistic priorities of the monks. Prevailing theory assumes the monks had an international perspective when it came to art as they tried to establish at Cluny a new Rome as the centerpiece of their monastic empire. Rather than tap an experienced sculptor who worked in the indigenous masonry tradition, they would have looked toward foreign lands to find suitable artists who based their designs on high forms of art such as ivory, painting, and metalwork.

C. Edson Armi is a research professor at the University of California, Santa Barbara. He has written books on Cluniac architecture and sculpture, design and construction in Romanesque architecture, Gothic sculpture, and American car design. He received the Society of Architectural Historians Founders Award, the C.I.N.O.A. International Art History Prize, and a Guggenheim Fellowship.

Table des matières :

Introduction

Chapter 1
Avenas
Altar and Later Comparisons
Charlieu Tympanum
Christ
Nativity
Annunciation

Chapter 2
Mcon
Christ Welcoming Souls, Last Judgment Tympanum

Chapter 3
Anzy-Le-Duc
Tympanum
Corinthian Capitals with Figures
Elder Capital

Chapter 4
Perrecy-Les-Forges
Angel Capital

Chapter 5
Vzelay
Capital of a Figure Playing a Monocord
Capital of an Angel with a Staff and Horn

Chapter 6
Montceaux-Ltoile
Tympanum and Lintel
Harpy (?) Capital
Portal
Excursus

Chapter 7
Cluny Ambulatory Capitals, Avenas Master
Fourth Tone
First Tone
Classicism at Cluny
Corinthian Capital with Figures

Chapter 8
Cluny Ambulatory Capitals
Second Tone
Liberal Arts (?)
Theological Virtues (?)
Four Winds

Conclusion

Bibliography

Informations pratiques :

C. Edson Armi, Cluny and the Origins of Burgundian Romanesque Sculpture. The Architecture, Sculpture and Narrative of the Avenas Master, L’Erma, 2019 (Bibliotheca Archaeologica, 58). 124, 6 b/w ill, 116 colour ill. Prix : 86 euros.

Source : L’Erma